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Compare Bermuda (2001) - Spratly Islands (2007)

Compare Bermuda (2001) z Spratly Islands (2007)

 Bermuda (2001)Spratly Islands (2007)
 BermudaSpratly Islands
Administrative divisions 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint Georges, Sandys, Smiths, Southampton, Warwick -
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.4% (male 6,091; female 6,230)

15-64 years:
69.43% (male 21,783; female 22,309)

65 years and over:
11.17% (male 3,073; female 4,017) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products -
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Area total:
58.8 sq km

land:
58.8 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: less than 5 sq km


land: less than 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC NA
Background Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995. The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef but has not made any formal claim.
Birth rate 12.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$504.6 million

expenditures:
$537 million, including capital expenditures of $75 million (FY97/98)		 -
Capital Hamilton -
Climate subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter tropical
Coastline 103 km 926 km
Constitution 8 June 1968, amended 1989 -
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Bermuda

former:
Somers Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Spratly Islands
Currency Bermudian dollar (BMD) -
Death rate 7.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Consul General Lawrence D. OWEN

consulate(s) general:
Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton

mailing address:
P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520-5300

telephone:
[1] (441) 295-1342

FAX:
[1] (441) 295-1592		 -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Disputes - international none all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the reef; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," which has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands
Economic aid - recipient $27.9 million (1995) -
Economy - overview Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, having successfully exploited its location by providing financial services for international firms and luxury tourist facilities for 360,000 visitors annually. The tourist industry, which accounts for an estimated 28% of GDP, attracts 84% of its business from North America. The industrial sector is small, and agriculture is severely limited by a lack of suitable land. About 80% of food needs are imported. International business contributes over 60% of Bermuda's economic output; a failed independence vote in late 1995 can be partially attributed to Bermudian fears of scaring away foreign firms. Government economic priorities are the further strengthening of the tourist and international financial sectors. Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored. There are no reliable estimates of potential reserves. Commercial exploitation has yet to be developed.
Electricity - consumption 511.5 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 550 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Town Hill 76 m		 lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m
Environment - current issues asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space NA
Ethnic groups black 58%, white 36%, other 6% -
Exchange rates Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) -
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)

head of government:
Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)

cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; governor invites leader of largest party in Parliament to form a government as premier		 -
Exports $56 million (2000 est.) -
Exports - commodities reexports of pharmaceuticals -
Exports - partners UK 29.5%, US 9.8% (1997) -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag -
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.1 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
10%

services:
89% (1995 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $33,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 1.5% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 32 20 N, 64 45 W 8 38 N, 111 55 E
Geography - note consists of about 360 small coral islands with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995 strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs
Heliports - 3 (2007)
Highways total:
225 km

paved:
225 km

unpaved:
0 km

note:
in addition, there are 232 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned (1997)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $739 million (2000 est.) -
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals -
Imports - partners US 34%, UK 9%, Mexico 8% (1997) -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, finance, insurance, structural concrete products, paints, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, ship repairing -
Infant mortality rate 9.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.7% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation Caricom (observer), CCC, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 20 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts -
Labor force 35,296 (1997) -
Labor force - by occupation clerical 23%, services 22%, laborers 17%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 12%, sales 7%, agriculture and fishing 2% (1996) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
94% (55% developed, 39% rural/open space) (1997 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages English (official), Portuguese -
Legal system English law -
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor) and the House of Assembly (40 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PLP 54%, UBP 44%, NLP 1%, independents 1%; seats by party - PLP 26, UBP 14		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.12 years

male:
75.04 years

female:
79.06 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
98%

female:
99% (1970 est.)		 -
Location North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US) Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines
Map references North America Southeast Asia
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 NA
Merchant marine total:
105 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,836,538 GRT/9,728,045 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 27, cargo 4, container 15, liquefied gas 7, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 23, refrigerated cargo 16, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 3

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Canada 10, Hong Kong 10, Japan 1, Nigeria 4, Saudi Arabia 1, Sweden 3, Switzerland 2, UK 10, US 7 (2000 est.)		 -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam
Military branches Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Bermuda Day, 24 May -
Nationality noun:
Bermudian(s)

adjective:
Bermudian		 -
Natural hazards hurricanes (June to November) typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard
Natural resources limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential
Net migration rate 2.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Pamela GORDON] -
Political pressure groups and leaders Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Association or BPSA [Betty CHRISTOPHER] -
Population 63,503 (July 2001 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.74% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Hamilton, Saint George -
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 82,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19% -
Sex ratio at birth:
0.94 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.76 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
modern, fully automatic telephone system

international:
3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 52,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 7,980 (1996) -
Television broadcast stations 3 (1997) -
Terrain low hills separated by fertile depressions flat
Total fertility rate 1.81 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate NEGL% (1995) -
Waterways none -
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